Content Inside :
* We Disagree
* Installing the Information Organization
* TROPOS: Enterprise Requirements Development
* Agents = An Organizational Paradigm
* Developing a B2C System with TROPOS
o Requirements Analysis ( ? organizational models)
o System Design (?organizational architectures)
o Implementation (?agent organizations)
* The Final Picture
Manuel Kolp, University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science © 2000-2001
Organization-Driven System Development 3
We Disagree
“Software always has errors. We’re just happy that no one gets killed when the system fails.”
Berlin S-Bahn train control system. Software Engineering Notes vol 22 no 2, 03/1997.
”That is not the software system that must adapt to the Organization but the Organization that must adapt to SAP or Notes”
SAP & Lotus Notes solutions for Knowledge Management @
Ernst & Young. Business Week, 06/98.
Manuel Kolp, University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science © 2000-2001
Organization-Driven System Development 4
Users don’t know what they want until they don’t get it
* Runaway projects
o 52% of projects cost ~ 180% of original estimate;
o Average project overrun: 222% [Standish Grp, 95]
o 50% of projects become runaways [LaPlante, 98]
o 65% of firms “grossly” over budget [Cringley, 97]
* Project abandonment
o 31% of projects canceled before completion [Standish Grp, 95]
o For 6 new large systems put in operation, 2 canceled [Gibbs, 94]
* Ineffective systems
o Average project : 61% of original functions [Standish Grp, 95]
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