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Discovery (domestic use)
* Microwaves have wavelengths range from centimeters to those closer to a foot in length.
o Longer are for heating food.
o Shorter waves Doppler radar
* Microwaves were first utilized by British the 1940s during WWII.
o Sir John Randall and Dr. H. A. Boot, invented a device called a magnetron (Radar) using microwaves to detect Nazi warplanes.
o 1945, examining the magnetron, Percy Spencer’s candy bar melted
o Product was marketed, thank goodness Percy was a chocolate lover!
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
* 1960’s at scientists at Bell Laboratories detected background noise using a special “low noise” antenna.
* This static noise came from every direction and did not vary in intensity.
* The scientists soon realized they had discovered the cosmic microwave background radiation.
“This radiation, which fills the entire Universe, is believed to be a clue to it’s beginning, something known as the Big Bang.”
Big Bang Model
Universe was once much smaller, hotter, and denser
o Based off of Einstein’s theory of general relativity
o Expansion of the universe – 1929
o Lightest elements
+ Deuterium, helium, lithium
o CMB
What the CMB tells us about the Universe
* The geometry of the universe
* Whether the universe will expand or collapse
* How much matter there is in the universe
* Amount and nature of dark matter and energy
* Expansion rate of the universe
* Age of the universe
* The origins of galaxies and galaxy clusters
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