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PPT : Pregnancy and Medical Radiation
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Informed consent and understanding
* The pregnant patient or worker has a right to know the magnitude and type of potential radiation effects that might result from in-utero exposure
* Communication should be related to the level of risk. Communication that risk is negligible is adequate for very low dose procedures (<1 mGy to the fetus)
* If fetal doses are above 1 mGy, a more detailed explanation should be given
Exposure of pregnant patients
* In some circumstances, the exposure is inappropriate and the unborn child may be at increased risk of harm to health
* Prenatal doses from most properly performed diagnostic procedures present no measurably increased risk of prenatal death, malformation, or mental impairment
* Higher doses such as those from therapeutic procedures can result in significant fetal harm
Medical radiation procedures
* All medical practices (occupational and patient-related) should be justified (more benefit than risk)
* Medical exposures should be justified for each patient before they are performed
* After it is decided to do a medical radiation procedure, the fetal radiation dose should be reduced while still obtaining the required diagnostic information
Evaluation of potentially pregnant patients
In females of child-bearing age, an attempt should be made to determine who is,or could be, pregnant,prior to radiation exposure
* A missed period in a regularly menstruating woman should be considered due to pregnancy, until proven otherwise
* Notices regarding pregnancy should be posted in patient waiting areas, such as
If it is possible that you might be pregnant, notify the physician or other staff before your x-ray examination, treatment, or before being injected with a radioactive material
Approximate fetal doses from conventional x-ray examinations
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